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BCS CTFL4 Exam Syllabus Topics:

Topic	Details
Topic 1	Managing the Test Activities: This topic explains how to plan tests in general, monitor and control test activities, and report defects in a clear and understandable way.
Topic 2	Test Tools: The topic discusses classification of tools. It also focuses on the risks and benefits of test automation.
Topic 3	Testing Throughout the Software Development Lifecycle: This topic explains how testing is incorporated into different development approaches. It also focuses on the concepts of test-first approaches.
Topic 4	Test Analysis and Design: It focuses on black-box and the collaboration-based test approach.

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BCS ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level CTFL 4.0 Sample Questions (Q106-Q111):

NEW QUESTION # 106
A typical objective of testing is to ensure that:

A. a software has been tested using a combination of test techniques
B. a software has been properly covered
C. there are no defects in a software that is about to be released
D. testing is used to drive the development of a software

Answer: A

Explanation:
This answer is correct because a typical objective of testing is to ensure that a software has been tested using a combination of test techniques, such as black-box, white-box, or experience-based techniques, that are appropriate for the test objectives, test levels, and test types. Testing using a combination of test techniques can increase the effectiveness and efficiency of testing, as different techniques can target different aspects of the software quality, such as functionality, usability, performance, security, reliability, etc. Testing using a combination of test techniques can also reduce the risk of missing defects that could be detected by one technique but not by another. Reference: ISTQB Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, Section 2.3.1.1, Section 2.3.2

NEW QUESTION # 107
The following diagram displays the logical dependencies between requirements and the individual requirement priorities. For example, "R2->R3" means that R3 is dependent on R2. Priority is indicated by the number next to the letter "P" i.e. P1 has a higher priority than P2.

Which one of the following options best describes the test execution sequence using both requirement dependency and priority

A. R2, R4. R8, R5, R1, R6, R3, R7.
B. R2. R1, R3. R4. R5, R6. R7, R8.
C. . R2, R1,R3,R7,R6,R5,R4,R8.
D. R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8.

Answer: C

Explanation:
The correct test execution sequence should consider both the dependencies between the requirements and their priorities. According to the diagram, the sequence begins with R2 (P1) as it is a prerequisite for R3 (P4). Then R1 (P3) can be tested. R3 follows as it depends on R2. Next, R7 (P4) should be tested before R6 (P3) and R5 (P2), as indicated by their dependencies. Finally, R4 (P1) and R8 (P1) can be tested. Therefore, the best sequence is R2, R1, R3, R7, R6, R5, R4, R8. Reference: ISTQB CTFL Syllabus V4.0, Section 5.1.5

NEW QUESTION # 108
Consider the following examples of risks identified in different software development projects
[1]. It may not be possible to generate the expected workloads to run performance tests, due to the poor hardware equipment of the machines (load injectors) that should generate these workloads.
[ii]. A user's session on a web application is not invalidated after a certain period of inactivity (configured by the system administrator) of the user,
[iii]. The test team will not have an adequate requirements specification (since many requirements will still be missing) by the time test design and analysis activities should begin according to the test plan.
[IV]. Following a failure, the system is unable to continue to maintain its pre-failure operation and some data becomes corrupted.
Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. [ii] and [IV] are product risks; [i] and [iii] are project risks
B. [i], [II] and [iii] are product risks, [IV] is a project risk.
C. [i], and [iV] are product risks; [ii] and [iii] are project risks
D. [ii]and [iii] are product risks. [I] and [IV] are project risks.

Answer: A

Explanation:
In software testing, risks are categorized into product risks and project risks. Product risks are associated with the potential of a product to fail in meeting its quality criteria. Project risks are related to potential issues that could affect the project's ability to deliver a product.
[i] is a project risk because it concerns the availability and adequacy of hardware resources for performance testing.
[ii] is a product risk because it pertains to a security and functionality issue within the web application.
[iii] is a project risk because it involves the availability of necessary requirements documentation for the testing process.
[iv] is a product risk because it relates to the system's functionality and data integrity after a failure.
Thus, statement A correctly classifies [ii] and [iv] as product risks and [i] and [iii] as project risks.

NEW QUESTION # 109
Following a risk-based testing approach you have designed 10 tests to cover a product risk with a high-risk level. You want to estimate, adopting the three-point test estimation technique, the test effort required to reduce the risk level to zero by executing those 10 tests. You made the following three initial estimates:
* most optimistic = 6 person hours
* most likely = 30 person hours
* most pessimistic = 54 person hours
Based only on the given information, which of the following answers about the three-point test estimation technique applied to this problem is true?

A. The final estimate is exactly 30 person hours because the technique uses the initial most likely estimate as the final estimate
B. The final estimate is between 6 person hours and 54 person hours
C. The final estimate is between 22 person hours and 38 person hours
D. The final estimate is exactly 30 person hours because the technique uses the arithmetic mean of the three initial estimates as the final estimate

Answer: C

Explanation:
The three-point test estimation technique is a method of estimating the test effort based on three initial estimates: the most optimistic, the most likely, and the most pessimistic. The technique uses a weighted average of these three estimates to calculate the final estimate, which is also known as the expected value. The formula for the expected value is:
Expected value = (most optimistic + 4 * most likely + most pessimistic) / 6 Using the given values, the expected value is:
Expected value = (6 + 4 * 30 + 54) / 6 Expected value = 30 person hours However, the expected value is not the only factor to consider when estimating the test effort. The technique also calculates the standard deviation, which is a measure of the variability or uncertainty of the estimates.
The formula for the standard deviation is:
Standard deviation = (most pessimistic - most optimistic) / 6
Using the given values, the standard deviation is:
Standard deviation = (54 - 6) / 6 Standard deviation = 8 person hours
The standard deviation can be used to determine a range of possible values for the test effort, based on a certain level of confidence. For example, using a 68% confidence level, the range is:
Expected value ± standard deviation
Using the calculated values, the range is:
30 ± 8 person hours
Therefore, the final estimate is between 22 person hours and 38 person hours, which is option A.
References: ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.01, Section 2.3.2, page 24-25; ISTQB Glossary v4.02, page 33.

NEW QUESTION # 110
Which of the following statements about checklist-based testing is TRUE?

A. Checklists used in checklist-based testing should be reviewed periodically for updates as, over time, test cases designed using the same checklist may become less effective at finding defects.
B. In checklist-based testing, using checklists at a high level of detail is more likely to produce test cases that are easier to reproduce than those using checklists at a low level of detail
C. Checklist-based testing is a review technique that can be used in a formal review process where reviewers, during individual review, try to detect issues within the work product based on a checklist
D. Checklist-based testing is a technique for managing the review meeting that can be applied in those reviews where the use of checklists is mandatory, as is often the case in formal reviews.

Answer: A

Explanation:
Checklist-based testing is a technique where testers use pre-determined checklists to ensure that important aspects of a work product are evaluated. Over time, these checklists should be reviewed and updated periodically to maintain their effectiveness in detecting defects. As systems evolve, outdated checklists may miss new types of defects, thus diminishing their usefulness. Therefore, statement D is true according to the ISTQB CTFL syllabus.

NEW QUESTION # 111
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